The Problem of Nationalism in the Early Reformation
Historians frequently dismiss any use of the term nationalism in the pre-modern period as conceptually illegitimate. In the early Reformation in Germany, the welter of confusing and competing terms to describe Luther’s audience—“nation,” “tongue,”…
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Historians frequently dismiss any use of the term nationalism in the pre-modern period as conceptually illegitimate. In the early Reformation in Germany, the welter of confusing and competing terms to describe Luther’s audience—“nation,” “tongue,” “fatherland,” patria—appears to confirm that scepticism. At a regional level, however, where the descriptor Land lacks a precise English equivalent, a consciousness of local identity with undeniable “nationalist” connotations can be discerned, especially in the South-West borderlands with francophone areas. Yet this self-perception sits uneasily with comparable manifestations in Switzerland, where identity was not shaped agonistically over against “foreigners,” but was instead deployed by Zwingli and Bullinger to affirm a heroic past epitomized by valiant defence of true religion. Dans leurs études sur les périodes prémodernes, les historiens mettent le plus souvent de côté le terme « nationalisme », jugé anachronique. Dans les débuts de la Réforme en Allemagne, une panoplie d’expressions déroutantes et concurrentes décrivait le public de Luther — « nation », « langue », « patrie », « pays » —, ce qui semble confirmer cette réticence. Toutefois, au niveau régional, alors que l’Anglais ne possède pas d’équivalent précis pour le terme « Land », on discerne une veritable conscience identitaire locale, aux connotations nationalistes indéniables, en particulier pour ce qui est des régions frontalières francophones du sud-ouest. Cependant, cette auto perception se compare difficilement avec des phénomènes similaires observables en Suisse, où ce type d’identité ne s’est pas construit de façon agonistique en opposition à l’étranger, mais plutôt, sous l’égide de Zwingli et de Bullinger, afin d’établir un passé héroïque marqué par la défense de la vraie religion.
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Original publication: Scott, Tom. "The Problem of Nationalism in the Early Reformation." Renaissance and Reformation 40 (4): 2018. 161-178. DOI: 10.33137/rr.v40i4.29273. This material has been re-published in an unmodified form on the Canadian HSS Commons with the permission of Iter Canada / Renaissance and Reformation. Copyright © the author(s). Their work is distributed by Renaissance and Reformation under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. For details, see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/.
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