A review of food asset maps in Canada

By Belinda Li, Tammara Soma, Raghava Payment, Srishti Kumar, Nicole Anderson, Flora Xu, Phonpoom Piensatienkul

Food asset mapping is gaining prominence in Canada as an important planning tool for the evaluation of local food systems. In addition to being used by planners to identify opportunities for improved food security, food asset maps are also valuable…

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Food asset mapping is gaining prominence in Canada as an important planning tool for the evaluation of local food systems. In addition to being used by planners to identify opportunities for improved food security, food asset maps are also valuable references for sourcing food locally, particularly by people experiencing food insecurity. Seventy-three food asset maps were reviewed and categorized based on the types of food assets included as well as design characteristics. Built environment assets such as grocery stores and food banks were included in most maps, as were agriculture-based natural food assets like farms, community gardens, and orchards. However, representations of Indigenous-focussed food assets and natural food assets that are not agriculture-based, such as forests, water bodies, and foraging areas, were generally lacking. The lack of representation of Indigenous perspectives on what is considered a food asset reinforces the values of a settler-colonial food system in food asset maps. The methods for food asset mapping therefore need to be changed from current quantitative practices that largely rely on secondary data sources led by governments and non-profit organizations to collaborative approaches that centre the perspectives of Indigenous peoples and other equity deserving groups.

La cartographie des ressources alimentaires gagne en importance au Canada en tant qu’outil de planification important pour l’évaluation des systèmes alimentaires locaux. En plus d’être utilisées par les planificateurs pour identifier les possibilités d’amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire, ces cartes sont aussi des références précieuses pour l’approvisionnement local, en particulier pour les personnes en situation d’insécurité alimentaire. Soixante-treize cartes de ressources alimentaires ont été examinées et classées en fonction des types de ressources et des caractéristiques de conception. L’environnement bâti, incluant les épiceries et les banques alimentaires, a été inclus dans la plupart des cartes, de même que les lieux d’agriculture d’aliments naturels, tels que les fermes, les jardins communautaires et les vergers. Cependant, les ressources alimentaires du point de vue des populations autochtones et celles d’origine naturelle qui ne sont pas issues de l’agriculture, telles que les forêts, les plans d’eau et les zones de cueillette, étaient généralement absentes. Le manque de représentation des perspectives autochtones sur ce qui est considéré comme une ressource alimentaire renforce les valeurs d’un système alimentaire colonial dans ces cartes. Les méthodes de cartographie doivent donc être modifiées et passer des pratiques quantitatives actuelles, qui reposent largement sur des sources de données secondaires gérées par les gouvernements et les organisations sans but lucratif, à des approches collaboratives qui tiennent compte des points de vue des peuples autochtones et d’autres groupes méritant d’être traités avec équité.

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Researchers should cite this work as follows:

  • Li, B., Soma, T., Payment, R., Kumar, S., Anderson, N., Xu, F., Piensatienkul, P., (2025), "A review of food asset maps in Canada", HSSCommons: (DOI: 10.15353/cfs-rcea.v11i2.655)

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Original publication: Li, Belinda; Soma, Tammara; Payment, Raghava; Kumar, Srishti; Anderson, Nicole; Xu, Flora; Piensatienkul, Phonpoom. "A review of food asset maps in Canada." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation, vol. 11, no. 2, 2024, pp. 149-170. DOI: 10.15353/cfs-rcea.v11i2.655. This material has been re-published in an unmodified form on the Canadian HSS Commons with the permission of Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation. Copyright © the author(s). Work published in CFS/RCÉA prior to and including Vol. 8, No. 3 (2021) is licensed under the Creative Commons CC BY license. Work published in Vol. 8, No. 4 (2021) and after is licensed under the Creative Commons CC BY-SA license. For details, see creativecommons.org/licenses/.

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